Virtual Reality in Sustainable Development Education: Insights from Finnish Classrooms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71204/jzewg055Keywords:
Virtual Reality, Virtual Pedagogy, Sustainable Development Education, Experiential Learning, Systemic Thinking, Interdisciplinary Education, Digital PedagogyAbstract
This paper investigates the integration of virtual reality (VR) in teaching sustainable development within various educational contexts in Finland. VR offers immersive, experiential learning opportunities that enhance students’ understanding of complex concepts, fostering both cognitive and affective learning. Key challenges include field-specific adoption, second-language learner support, and logistical constraints. A case study on ThingLink’s VR tool highlights its strengths and limitations in fostering systemic thinking. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving VR pedagogy and enhancing its impact on interdisciplinary education.
References
Aaltonen, S., Pentsinen, H., & Kurikka, O. (2021). Distribution of medicines virtually in Taitaja. 3DBear. https://www.3dbear.io/fi/blogi/l%C3%A4%C3%A4sharesvirtually
Aiello, P., D’Elia, F., Di Torre, S., & Sibilio, M. (2012). A constructivist approach to virtual reality for experiential learning. E-Learning and Digital Media, 9(3). https://www.wwwords.co.uk/ELEA/A_Constructivist_Approach_to_Virtual_Reality_for_Experiential_Learning_(sagepub.com)
Arnold, R. D., & Wade, J. P. (2015). A definition of systems thinking: A systems approach. Procedia Computer Science, 44, 669–678.
Bailenson, J. (2018). Experience on demand: What virtual reality is, how it works, and what it can do. W. W. Norton & Company.
Berkman, M. I. (2024). History of virtual reality. In Encyclopedia of computer graphics and games (pp. 873–881). Springer. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-031-23161-2_169
Dede, C. (2017). Introduction: Virtual, augmented, and mixed realities in education. In D. Liu, C. Dede, R. Huang, & J. Richards (Eds.), Virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality in education. Springer.
Dede, C. (2019). Designing immersive authentic simulations that enhance motivation and learning: EcoLearn. In R. Feldman (Ed.), Learning science: Theory, research, practice (pp. 229–259). McGraw-Hill.
Finnish Medical Association Duodecim. (2019). ADHD: Käypä hoito –suositus (Valid treatment recommendation). https://www.kaypahoito.fi/hoi50061#K1
Finnish Museum Association. (2024). Opimuseossa.fi’s internet website: Virtual museums and guided tours. https://opimuseossa.fi/opimuseossa/index.php?k=12378
Fraser, K. M. (2012). Emotion, cognitive load, and learning outcomes during simulation training. Medical Education, 46(11), 1055–1062.
Hemminki-Reijonen, U. (2021). Virtual reality in learning: A guide for the teacher (Board of Education: Guides and Handbooks, Vol. 2021:3). Finnish National Agency for Education. https://www.oph.fi/sites/default/files/documents/Virtuaaalitodellisuus_oppimissä.pdf
Johnson, P., Millar, R., & Zhang, X. (2021). Virtual reality in sustainable development education: A Finnish case study. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 22(5), 347–362.
Lee, H., Jung, T. H., Dieck, M. C. T., & Chung, N. (2020). Experiencing immersive virtual reality in museums. Information & Management, 57(5), 103229.
Lowood, H. E. (2024). Virtual reality. In Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/virtual-reality
Mills, S., Brown, T., & Perez, R. (2019). Augmented and virtual realities in education: A review of empirical research. Computers & Education, 140, 103–120.
Xie, M., & Li, Y. (2023). Enhancing student engagement through virtual reality: A study on environmental education. Journal of Digital Learning in Teacher Education, 39(1), 25–40.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ailun Ma (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles published in this journal are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are properly credited. Authors retain copyright of their work, and readers are free to copy, share, adapt, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use, as long as appropriate attribution is given.
