Digital Empowerment of Mountainous Rural-Urban Integrated Water Supply: Construction and Practice of a Whole-Process IoT Sensing System in Wencheng County

Abstract

Against the backdrop of Zhejiang Province’s comprehensive advancement of rural drinking water safety digital upgrading and urban-rural water supply integration, mountainous counties face unique operational bottlenecks caused by fragmented water supply facilities, complex terrain and long scattered pipe networks. Taking Wencheng County—a typical mountainous water supply area in southern Wenzhou—as the research object, this paper starts from the full-cycle operation and management demands of county-level water enterprises. Combined with the actual construction and long-term stable operation of the local intelligent water supply digital system, this study designs a full-chain IoT sensing system adapted to mountain terrain, featuring multi-layer communication networking and cloud-based integrated operation platform. Differentiated from traditional single-equation monitoring schemes, the system realizes synchronized perception of raw water sources, water production workshops, regional pipe networks, village-level water supply stations and end-user metering. This paper systematically analyzes practical application effects in four core scenarios including full-process water quality early warning, DMA partition accurate loss control, unattended remote operation of scattered water supply facilities and intelligent user revenue management. Based on multi-year field operation records, it summarizes targeted operational obstacles brought by mountain climate and signal conditions, and proposes multi-dimensional optimization strategies covering communication networking, outdoor equipment durability, big data deep mining and compound talent training. The research conclusions can provide differentiated digital transformation references for mountainous counties with similar terrain and water supply layout, and offer feasible optimization ideas for the refined operation of urban-rural integrated water supply projects.